Numbers 30 deals with the validity of vows made by women. Verse 9, specifically, states: "But the vow of a widow, or of her who is divorced, everything with which she has bound her soul, shall stand against her."

Let's break down what this means:

"But the vow of a widow, or of her who is divorced...": This verse is specifically addressing vows made by women who are no longer under the authority of a husband. Unlike unmarried daughters or married women, widows and divorcees have more autonomy in Jewish law.

"...everything with which she has bound her soul...": This refers to any type of vow or oath she has made that involves a promise or commitment to God. Binding her soul implies a solemn and binding agreement.

"...shall stand against her.": This is the crucial part. It means that whatever vow she makes is binding and enforceable. There is no male relative who can annul it. She is held responsible for fulfilling the vow she has made.

In essence, this verse establishes that a widow or a divorced woman is fully responsible for upholding any vows she makes to God. Her vows are considered valid and binding, without needing the consent or permission of a male figure. She is her own authority in this regard.

Why is this significant?

Women's Agency: This verse highlights the legal standing and agency afforded to women in certain circumstances in ancient Israelite society. Widows and divorcees, no longer under the legal authority of a husband, had the right to make their own commitments to God.

Personal Responsibility: It emphasizes the concept of personal responsibility before God. Regardless of marital status, individuals were expected to keep their promises and fulfill their vows.

Context is Key: It's essential to understand this verse within the broader context of Numbers 30 and the ancient Israelite understanding of vows, oaths, and the roles of men and women in society.