The verse "You shall not do so to Yahweh your God" in Deuteronomy 12:4 is best understood within its context. It follows Deuteronomy 12:2-3, which commands the Israelites to completely destroy the places where the nations they are dispossessing worshipped their gods. This includes demolishing their altars, smashing their sacred stones, burning their Asherah poles, and cutting down their idols, and obliterating their names from those places.

Therefore, Deuteronomy 12:4 means that the Israelites should NOT worship Yahweh (God) in the same way that the Canaanites worshipped their gods.

Here's a breakdown of the implications:

Rejection of Canaanite Religious Practices: The Canaanite religions were often characterized by practices that were considered abhorrent and immoral by the Israelites. These included idolatry, ritual prostitution, and even child sacrifice.
Emphasis on Yahweh's Uniqueness: This verse reinforces the idea that Yahweh is different and holy. He is not to be worshipped using the same methods or in the same places as pagan deities.
Centralized Worship: Deuteronomy, as a whole, advocates for the centralization of worship in a single, divinely appointed place (which would later become the Temple in Jerusalem). This was in contrast to the decentralized and often localized worship of the Canaanites. The idea is that the way to worship Yahweh would be what he specified, and only in the location he specifies.
Avoiding Syncretism: Syncretism is the blending of different religious beliefs and practices. This verse is a warning against mixing the worship of Yahweh with the practices of other religions. The Israelites were to maintain the purity and distinctiveness of their faith.

In summary, Deuteronomy 12:4 is a crucial part of the larger command to separate themselves from the pagan practices of the Canaanites and to worship Yahweh according to His specific instructions, emphasizing His uniqueness and holiness.